Casuarina (Australian Pine) — also known as Beach She-Oak or Australian Beefwood — is a coastal, windbreak & timber tree from the Casuarinaceae family, native to Coastal Southeast Asia, Australia and Pacific Islands. Raised from these Casuarina equisetifolia seeds, it grows into a medium to large evergreen tree reaching about 10–20 m with a narrow, conical to irregular canopy and a spread of about 5–10 m. These are natural, untreated Australian Pine tree seeds intended for nursery raising, landscaping, coastal planting and tree propagation.
Each pack contains 10 g of seeds with a germination rate of about 50–70% under suitable conditions, and seedlings typically emerge in about 10–30 days. Rated easy to moderate to raise from seed, Casuarina (Australian Pine) responds best when you use fresh seeds, avoid deep sowing and maintain consistent moisture without waterlogging. Start seeds in nursery trays or Geo Fabric Circular Grow Bags filled with a light, well-draining mix, then shift healthy seedlings to a spot with full sun and sandy, sandy loam, loamy & well-drained coastal soil (pH 5.0–8.0). A Small Stainless Steel Trowel makes lifting and transplanting young seedlings easy without disturbing the roots.
The ideal sowing window in India is February–April & June–August, during the spring & monsoon window, when warm 20–35°C temperatures support quick, even germination. Casuarina (Australian Pine) suits urban planting, avenue and roadside planting, landscaping, agroforestry and farm and boundary planting across tropical coastal, tropical dry & subtropical zones. No specific medicinal claim made; tree is primarily valued for timber, shelter and environmental uses. Timber value is rated moderate to high. Planning a mixed green belt? Pair it with our Malabar Neem Seeds (Melia dubia) for complementary colour and canopy.
Beyond its visual appeal, Casuarina (Australian Pine) windbreak, coastal shelter, soil stabilization and habitat provision, has carbon sequestration potential rated high, and provides shelter and habitat for birds and small wildlife. Growing from seed is the most economical way to establish your own nursery stock, and it lets the young tree adapt to your local soil and climate from day one — ideal for home gardeners, farm owners, schools, CSR plantation drives and landscape projects.
How to Grow Casuarina (Australian Pine) from Seed
Casuarina (Australian Pine) Sowing Season in India
Sow in the spring & monsoon window, ideally February–April & June–August, at 20–35°C. Avoid cold winter sowing, when germination slows sharply. Suits tropical & subtropical coastal climates up to 1,000 m.
Seed Preparation
Use fresh seeds, avoid deep sowing and maintain consistent moisture without waterlogging. Discard shrivelled or hollow seeds. Regional guidance: ICFRE.
Sowing Casuarina (Australian Pine) Seeds
- Method: Nursery Sowing; direct sowing: possible under suitable conditions
- Mix: garden soil, cocopeat and compost, well-drained
- Depth: cover with a thin layer, about twice the seed's thickness
- Germination: about 10–30 days
- Keep warm and evenly moist; mist with a 1 L Spray Pump
Transplanting and Spacing
Transplant healthy seedlings after adequate root development. Handle young roots carefully and gradually acclimatize them to outdoor conditions. Spacing: about 3–5 m (mature spread about 5–10 m). Containers: suitable only during early growth.
Ongoing Care
Give full sun and low to moderate water using a Watering Can. Tolerance: drought high, frost low to moderate and waterlogging low to moderate; shield seedlings from frost and standing water in year one. Growth rate is fast; feed with compost or bio-fertilisers each monsoon.
Where to Plant Casuarina (Australian Pine)
Best for urban planting, avenue and roadside planting, landscaping, agroforestry and farm and boundary planting. Zones: tropical coastal, tropical dry & subtropical zones. States: Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, West Bengal, Maharashtra and other warm regions.
Common Problems
Poor germination from old seed, deep sowing, excessive moisture, poor drainage, drying of seedbed and transplant shock. Good drainage and avoiding overwatering prevent most seedling losses.
Common Name: Australian Pine / Beach She-Oak / Australian Beefwood
Botanical Name: Casuarina equisetifolia
Plant Family: Casuarinaceae
Genus: Casuarina
Tree Type: Coastal, Windbreak & Timber Tree
Growth Form: Medium to Large Evergreen Tree
Evergreen / Deciduous: Evergreen
Native Region: Coastal Southeast Asia, Australia and Pacific Islands
Native / Introduced: Native
Seed Type: Coastal / Timber Tree Seed
Pack Size: 10 g
Germination Rate: Approx. 50–70% under suitable conditions
Germination Time: Approx. 10–30 Days
Planting Season: Spring & Monsoon
Best Sowing Months (India): February–April & June–August
Expected Mature Height: Approx. 10–20 m
Expected Mature Spread: Approx. 5–10 m
Canopy Type: Narrow, Conical to Irregular
Root Type: Deep, Extensive Root System
Tree Growth Rate: Fast
Timber Value: Moderate to High
Fruit / Seed Use: Cone-like woody structures contain seeds used for propagation
Seed Shelf Life: Approx. 6–12 Months under suitable storage; fresh seed is preferred
Country of Origin: India, if the actual commercial seed lot is sourced from India
Sunlight: Full Sun
Water Requirement: Low to Moderate
Soil Type: Sandy, Sandy Loam, Loamy & Well-drained Coastal Soil
Soil pH: Approx. 5.0–8.0
Temperature Range: Approx. 20–35°C
Suitable Climate: Tropical & Subtropical Coastal
Rainfall Requirement: Low to Moderate
Altitude Range: Approx. 0–1,000 m
Drought Tolerance: High
Frost Tolerance: Low to Moderate
Wind Tolerance: High
Shade Tolerance: Low
Waterlogging Tolerance: Low to Moderate
Plant Spacing: Approx. 3–5 m
Nursery Suitable: Yes
Direct Sowing: Possible under suitable conditions
Container Suitable: Suitable only during early growth
Bonsai Suitable: Possible with regular training
Urban Planting: Potentially Suitable where sufficient space is available
Roadside Planting: Yes, with adequate space and suitable conditions
Landscaping: Yes
Agroforestry: Yes
Pollinator Friendly: Limited to Moderate
Bird Friendly: Yes
Carbon Sequestration: High
Erosion Control: High
Growing Difficulty: Easy to Moderate
Seed Storage: Store clean, dry seeds in a cool, dry and airtight container away from moisture and direct sunlight
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